Greco Roman Period

Greco Roman Period. The fall of the Ancient Egyptian Empire happened slowly after it’s height of control throughout the New Kingdom Period which was 1550-1069BC. Various Foreign powers and established Dynasties competed for power over the areas Ancient Egypt had control over during the period from the end of the 11th Century BC until until the 4th Century BC, rearranging one another in turn and segregating the Nile Valley. Throughout the 6th and 4th Centuries BCm the Achaemenid Persian Empire conquered Egypt ywice before finally being replaced by the Greek which was led by Alexander the Great in 332 BC, When was the Greco-Roman Period? The Greek Roman Period classical era, classical period of cultural History between 8th Century BC and 6th Century AD, centred on theMeditteranean which composed of the joining Civilizations of Ancient Greece and Rome known as Greek World. This is the period which Greek and Roman Societies grew and became influential in many parts of Europe, North Africa and Western Asia, Where was the Greco-Roman Empire? The Greco-Roman Empire was concentrated on the Meditteranean Sea, the Rhine and the North, East of the Danube Rivers, the Atlantic lying to the West and the Deserts to the South. The entry of Alexander started a new era in Egyptian History. Being Alexander and his Army were Greek he was still regarded by the Egyptians as a rescuer freeing them from the Persian power. Accepting the Egyptian Religion Alexander associated the Egyptian Gods with the Greek Gods of the Pantheon, wherefore the Oracle Amun in Siwa Oasis proclaimed Alexander the correct Ruler of Egypt. Alexander departed Egypt by 334BC for goodm marching East to carry on his fight against the Persian Empire, the impression he had on Egypt during this short period was unforgettable. The Capital that he constructed and named after himself which was Alexandria, became a centre of Culture and Learning, which contributed to the preservation of Ancient Knowledge and the expansion of Hellenism. The Ptolemaic Dynasty, which was confirmed by one of his Generals following the death of Alexander, would rule Egypt for 300 Years and the impact of Hellenism influenced the area and the people for much longer, What was the writing used in the Greco-Roman Period ? The writing used in the Greco-Roman period in Egypt was Egyptian, Latin, and Greek, these were the considerable languages used. Egyptian was spoken by the Egyptians which were introduced by different scripts i.e. Hieroglyphics which was the earliest System opf writing used for Religious writings, written in ink on papyrus or inscribed in stone. There was another model of Hieroglyphics this was called Hieratic later evolved into script known as Demonic which was used until the 3rd Century AD followed with Coptic Script which was based on the Greek Alphabet. The settlement of the Ptolemics and Greek aristocracy which settled in Egypt was not as popular as Alexander had been with the Egyptians. Fighting against frequent uprisings the Ptolemy line imported Soldiers from Greece and Jewish communities in Palestine for help in their control. These sporadic Rebellions carried on under the Romans, who entered under the command of Julius Caesar in 32 BC, under Emperor Augustus in 30BC Egypt became a Region of the Roman Empire, and carried on until the 7th Century AD, even as Rome fell and the Roman Capital was deployed to Constantinople which is now known as Istanbul. During this time a remarkable cultural move took place in Egypt as the impact of Hellenism weakened the grip of Ancient Egyptian Culture and Religon. Throughout the 4th Century AD when the Roman Empire split in two and Christianity was recognized by Constantine , the Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire which is known today as Byzantine Empire Christianity had become the controlling Religion in Egypt, Greek and Roman Monuments in Egypt. Throughout the Greco-Roman control in Egypt a number of Temples and monuments were constructed that still remain to this day in Aswan, Alexandria, Cairo, Minya and more. Many Archeological places date back to the era of the Greco-Roman, below are some examples. The Greco-Roman Museum. • The Greco-Roman Museum is one of the most important Museums in Alexandria, displaying a vast variety of antiquities which were discovered in and around Alexandria most of which are from the Ptolemaic and later Roman Eras. • Agaysron Temple was built by Cleopatra VII, and named after Mark Antonyous and the names of Totomos III, Sitty I and Ramses II Pharaohs names were transferred from another Temple. • Pompey’s Pillar is the biggest Memorial Column in Egyptwhich is in Alexandria. The Pillar took the name when the Romans moved it to serve as a receptacle for Pompy’s head who was murdered in 48BC. Fort Babylon. Fort Babylon dates back to Pharonic times and was built after the Persian occupation of Egypt in Cairo .when the Coptic Invasion ended there were many Churches and Monasteries built within the original construction until the 19th Century. Most of the Monuments were demolished with just Towers and Gates remaining after the British Invasion of Egypt.